Kayachikitsa, the foremost branch of Ayurveda, focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of severe diseases affecting various internal organs of the body. These diseases often manifest with systemic and multi-systemic symptoms. Kayachikitsa specialists are trained to address chronic disorders in adults, with a primary focus on prevention, diagnosis, and management. They employ a holistic approach, considering multiple data sets and making connections to achieve the best health outcomes.

Regarded as the "doctor's doctor," Kayachikitsa specialists are frequently consulted by practitioners from other Ayurvedic branches for their expertise in solving complex and chronic health conditions. This branch also encompasses the specialties of Rasayana (rejuvenation) and Vajikarana (aphrodisiac and male infertility management).

The department of Kayachikitsa manages a wide range of health conditions. These include obesity, diabetes mellitus, liver disorders, gastrointestinal illnesses such as peptic ulcers and irritable bowel disease, bronchial asthma and chronic bronchitis, skin diseases like psoriasis and eczema, anemia, neurological deficits like stroke and Parkinsonism, various forms of arthritis, sciatica, different types of fevers, bleeding disorders, psychiatric illnesses, male infertility, geriatric problems, and allergies and immunological disorders.

Kayachikitsa specialists employ various treatment modalities, including diet, exercise, medication, Panchakarma procedures, and yoga. Their expertise lies in accurate diagnosis, comprehensive management, and research in their specialized areas to provide effective and personalized care for patients.